The monograph contains data on the soil cover structure, space distribution of soils in Karelia, the soils areas, links to certain relief elements and soilforming rocks. Long-term studies have revealed basic features of soil vegetation. Given also the soils capacity scale of the republic. Considerable attention is paid to creating multi-factor models showing the relationship between soils capacity and productivity of pine and spruce stands in northern and midtaiga subzone of Karelia.