The article contains information about the records of 43 species of alien vascular plants made in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District. Field surveys were carried out in 2012-2016. The detected invasive species were growing on wasteland, abandoned and new lawns, in ditches and on roadsides. A majority of the reported species (Avena fatua, A. sativa, Barbarea vulgaris., Brassica rapa, Bunias orientalis, Cannabis sativa, Cirsium arvense, Crepis tectorum, Cyanus segetum, Dactylis glomerata, Erodium cicutarium, Fallopia convolvulus, Geum aleppicum, Glechoma hederacea, Helianthus lenticularis, Lappula squarrosa, Lathyrus pratensis, Lepidium ruderale, Lycopersicon esculentum, Medicago falcata, Plantago media, Potentilla norvegica, Raphanus raphanistrum, Rubus idaeus, Rumex pseudonatronatus, Scorzoneroides autumnalis, Secale cereale, Silene tatarica, Solanum tuberosum, Sonchus arvensis, Trifolium hybridum, T. medium, Triticum aestivum, Tussilago farfara, Typha latifolia, Urtica dioica) have been previously known from a few locations in the district. Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. and Echium vulgare L. are new for the regional flora. There is little information in the literature and in herbaria about Hordeum jubatum, Lepidotheca suaveolens, Senecio vulgaris, Melilotus albus and M. officinalis in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District. However, these species are getting successfully naturalized, turning into common synanthropic plants in settlements of the district. Data from the herbarium label, information on the distribution in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District and, if necessary, brief comments on the distribution in Siberia with specification for Western Siberia are provided for each species.