In the review it is come up with information on the possibilities of breeding programs and the creation of seed orhards of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L) as one of the key species of forests in Eurasia, which has significant economic value. Somatic embryogenesis is a promising biotechnological method that allows mass propagation of valuable individuals obtained, including during the implementation of breeding programs. Using the example of various species of the Pinus genus, the main stages of somatic embryogenesis are described. The influence of the conditions and period of cultivation on the effectiveness of somatic embryogenesis and the subsequent conversion of somatic embryos into the plants are considered. Particular attention is paid to the growth and physiology of clones in the field.