The article explores the genesis of ore deposits and their global distribution in Precambrian tectonic structures of the Earth (metallogeny). Ore-bearing structures developed successively from the plume-tectonic Paleoarchean-Paleoproterozoic (3.6–2.2 Ga) anorogenic type in riftogenic structures to the mostly plate-tectonic synorogenic type in Paleo- Neoproterozoic (2.2–0.6 Ga) accretion and collision structures. Special attention is given to the difference in the genesis of deposits between the Northern and the Southern hemispheres due to geodynamic differences. The article is of interest for geologists specializing in ore deposits, and for geology students.