The geographical information model of the catchment area of Lake Onega is created for an integrated analysis of the functioning of the lake’s heterotrophic ecosystem and reflects the structure and dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems since the 1950s. The original technique for modeling the spectral space of Landsat TM / ETM + images is used.

The spectral model is a mathematically formalized object that describes the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the biogeocoenoses of the catchment. Being deployed in geographical space, it turns into an optimal structural frame for integrating the results of discrete field observations into a single space-time continuum.