The article provides information of the tectonic devision of the Green Belt of Fennoscandia (GBF). Murmansk, Kola, Belomorian, Karelian and Svekofenian provinces are distinguished within GBF, differing both in their rock species composition and the formation time of the exposed complexes. Key rock associations, the conditions and time of their formation are described for each GBF province. It is shown that the Archean rocks are preserved within the Murmansk and Karelian, and the youngest Paleozoic rocks -in the Belomorian and Kola provinces of GBF. Data on the metallogenic specialization of the provinces and major industrial deposits in their territory are presented. In the context of multidisciplinary studies, the geological structure of the territory can be considered as an important control for the formation of modern landscapes, soils, and biodiversity. The geological uniqueness of some of the structures can become the rationale for designating new geological nature monuments and establishing geological (mining and geological) nature parks.